GENEVA, April  24, 2024 (BSS/AFP) - Global immunisation efforts have saved
at least 154 million lives in the past 50 years, the World Health Organization
said Wednesday, adding that most of those to benefit were infants.

That is the equivalent of six lives saved every minute of every year of the
half century, the UN health agency said.

In a study published in the Lancet, WHO gave a comprehensive analysis of
the impact of 14 vaccines used under the Expanded Programme on Immunisation
(EPI), which celebrates its 50th anniversary next month.

Thanks to these vaccines, "a child born today is 40 percent more likely to
see their fifth birthday than a child born 50 years ago", WHO chief Tedros
Adhanom Ghebreyesus told reporters.

"Vaccines are among the most powerful inventions in history, making
once-feared diseases preventable," he said.

"Smallpox has been eradicated, polio is on the brink, and with the more
recent development of vaccines against diseases like malaria and cervical
cancer, we are pushing back the frontiers of disease."

Infants accounted for 101 million of the lives saved through immunisation
over the five decades, said the study.

"Immunisation was the single greatest contribution of any health
intervention to ensuring babies not only see their first birthdays but continue
leading healthy lives into adulthood," WHO said.

- 'Vaccines cause adults' -

Over 50 years, vaccines against 14 diseases -- diphtheria, Haemophilus
influenza type B, hepatitis B, Japanese encephalitis, measles, meningitis A,
pertussis, invasive pneumococcal disease, polio, rotavirus, rubella, tetanus,
tuberculosis, and yellow fever -- had directly contributed to reducing infant
deaths by 40 percent, the study found.

For Africa, the reduction in infant mortality was more than 50 percent, it
said.

The vaccine against measles -- a highly contagious disease by a virus that
attacks mainly children -- had the most significant impact.

That jab accounted for 60 percent of the lives saved due to immunisation,
according to the study.

The polio vaccine means that more than 20 million people are able to walk
today who would otherwise have been paralysed.

The study also showed that when a vaccine saves a child's life, that person
goes on to live an average of 66 years of full health on average -- with a
total of 10.2 billion full health years gained over the five decades.

"Vaccines cause adults," Tedros said.

WHO stressed that the gains in childhood survival showed the importance of
protecting progress on immunisation.

It highlighted accelerating efforts to reach 67 million children who missed
at least one vaccination during the Covid pandemic.

The UN health agency, along with the UN children's agency Unicef, the Gavi
vaccine alliance and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, on Wednesday
launched a joint campaign called "Humanly Possible".

It is aimed at scaling up vaccination programmes around the world.

"By working together we can save millions more lives, advance equity and
create a much healthier and more prosperous world," Violaine Michell of the
Gates Foundation told journalists.

- Anti-vax threat -

But efforts to ensure broader vaccine coverage have increasingly run into
anti-vax movements and conspiracy theories circulating on social media.

This was particularly clear during the Covid pandemic, but it has also
taken its tolls on efforts to avert measles outbreaks.

"There has been a very significant backsliding in the use of the measles
vaccine and the coverage that has been achieved in countries around the world,
and that is resulting in outbreaks," WHO vaccine chief Kate O'Brien told
journalists.

In 2022, the last year for which there are clear statistics, more than nine
million measles cases were registered around the world, including 136,000
children who died.

Lack of access to the vaccines was a major concern, said O'Brien, but part
of the backsliding was attributable to "misinformation and anti-vax movements".

"The measles vaccine is a safe vaccine, and it's highly effective," she
insisted, stressing the need to ramp up efforts against "one of the most
infectious viruses that infect humans".