GENEVA, July 24, 2022 (BSS/AFP) - The World Health Organization on Saturday
declared the monkeypox outbreak, which has affected nearly 17,000 people in
74 countries, to be a global health emergency -- the highest alarm it can
sound.

"I have decided that the global monkeypox outbreak represents a public health
emergency of international concern," WHO chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
said at a press conference.

He said a committee of experts who met on Thursday was unable to reach a
consensus, so it fell to him to decide whether to trigger the highest alert
possible.

"WHO's assessment is that the risk of monkeypox is moderate globally and in
all regions, except in the European region where we assess the risk as high,"
he added.

Monkeypox has affected more than 16,800 people in 74 countries, according to
a tally by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) published
on July 22.

Washington welcomed the WHO's declaration as "a call to action for the world
community to stop the spread of this virus".

"A coordinated, international response is essential to stop the spread of
monkeypox, protect communities at greatest risk of contracting the disease,
and combat the current outbreak," said Raj Panjabi, senior director for the
White House's global health security and biodefence division.

A surge in monkeypox infections has been reported since early May outside the
West and Central African countries where the disease has long been endemic.

Overall, 98 percent of infected people were gay or bisexual men, and around a
third were known to have visited sex-on-site venues such as sex parties or
saunas within the previous month.

Tedros has previously expressed concern that stigma and scapegoating could
make the outbreak harder to track.

On Saturday, he said the outbreak was "concentrated among men who have sex
with men, especially those with multiple sexual partners" which meant it "can
be stopped with the right strategies in the right groups".

He urged all countries to "work closely with communities of men who have sex
with men, to design and deliver effective information and services, and to
adopt measures that protect" the communities affected.

- Potential vaccine -

On June 23, the WHO convened an emergency committee of experts to decide if
monkeypox constitutes a so-called Public Health Emergency of International
Concern -- the UN health agency's highest alert level.

But a majority advised Tedros that the situation, at that point, had not met
the threshold.

The second meeting was called on Thursday with case numbers rising further,
where Tedros said he was worried.

"I need your advice in assessing the immediate and mid-term public health
implications," Tedros told the meeting, which lasted more than six hours.

A viral infection resembling smallpox and first detected in humans in 1970,
monkeypox is less dangerous and contagious than smallpox, which was
eradicated in 1980.

Ninety-five percent of cases have been transmitted through sexual activity,
according to a study of 528 people in 16 countries published in the New
England Journal of Medicine -- the largest research to date.

The European Union's drug watchdog on Friday recommended for approval the use
of Imvanex, a smallpox vaccine, to treat monkeypox.

Imvanex, developed by Danish drugmaker Bavarian Nordic, has been approved in
the EU since 2013 for the prevention of smallpox.

It was also considered a potential vaccine for monkeypox because of the
similarity between the monkeypox virus and the smallpox virus.

The first symptoms of monkeypox are fever, headaches, muscle pain and back
pain during the course of five days.

Rashes subsequently appear on the face, palms of hands and soles of the feet,
followed by lesions, spots and finally scabs.